home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
Collection of Internet
/
Collection of Internet.iso
/
faq
/
comp
/
aux_faq
/
part1
next >
Wrap
Internet Message Format
|
1994-04-12
|
50KB
Path: bloom-beacon.mit.edu!hookup!ames!newsfeed.gsfc.nasa.gov!jagubox!jim
From: jim@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov (Jim Jagielski)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.aux,news.answers,comp.answers
Subject: Apple A/UX FAQ List (1/3)
Supersedes: <3020@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov>
Followup-To: comp.unix.aux
Date: 12 Apr 94 13:26:31 GMT
Organization: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center
Lines: 1104
Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
Expires: 27 Apr 94 00:00:00 GMT
Message-ID: <3064@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov>
Reply-To: jim@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov (Jim Jagielski)
NNTP-Posting-Host: jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Summary: Latest posting of FAQ for A/UX
Keywords: FAQ A/UX
Xref: bloom-beacon.mit.edu comp.unix.aux:6811 news.answers:17959 comp.answers:4873
Archive-name: aux-faq/part1
Last-modified: Tue Apr 12 09:25:29 EDT 1994
This is the Frequently Asked Question (FAQ) list for A/UX 3.x.x
FAQ for A/UX
============
This FAQ list is intended to cut down on the number of "often asked questions"
that make the rounds here on comp.unix.aux. Also included you'll find a few
words of wisdom as well as some general information for the A/UX community.
This list assumes that you are familiar with Unix (to some extent) but are
curious about A/UX's eccentricities. The list will concentrate on A/UX 3.x.x
but may also have info about previous versions. If you don't understand
something in the FAQ List, and a "Point of Contact" isn't specified, then
contact me and I'll attempt to help or else point you to someone who can.
In any case, let me know how I can make the list more clear.
This FAQ is written in a format that EasyView (for the Mac) can understand
and make use of. EasyView provides a very nice front-end for viewing,
browsing and reading the FAQ. EasyView is available via anon-ftp on
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov.
The list will be posted biweekly (every other Tuesday) on comp.unix.aux as
well as news.answers and comp.answers. It is also available via anonymous
ftp on jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov.
There is a frozen FAQ that deals with A/UX 2.0.1 which is available via
anon-ftp on jagubox (FAQ.aux.201). This FAQ will be posted monthly (or so)
on comp.unix.aux.
Since 3.0.2 is official, released and free, I will not mention things broken
in 3.0.1 that are fixed in 3.0.2. I will also tend to "ignore" 3.0.1 except
where needed... This is due to the fact that the upgrade to 3.0.2 (from 3.0.1)
_is_ free, so if you have 3.0.1, you really _should_ upgrade to 3.0.2.
I will tend to use 3.0.2 as the name of the general version of A/UX and
3.0.2(wgs) as the version for the AWS95 even though this is kinda confusing
since the WGS version is really 3.0.2 and the version for the rest of us is
3.0.2bc. Anyway, 3.0.x will be used to mean 3.0, 3.0.2 and 3.0.2(wgs).
Now that 3.1 is released and shipping, I'll start folding 3.1-specific items
in as well. 3.x.x means 3.1, 3.0.2, 3.0.1 and 3.0.
This FAQ is "copyrighted" in the same sense that all other FAQs are copy-
righted: the FAQ may be _freely_ redistributed as long as the author's/editor's
name and this notice is included. If contents of this FAQ are to be published,
then you should ask the author's/editor's permission to do so.
Send your additions|modifications to Jim Jagielski (jim@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov)
(editor's notes are included as <<ED: ...>>). I will tend to refer to myself
in the 3rd person in the Q&A section.
=============================
**** Significant Changes ****
-----------------------------
|++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
|Significant changes/additions since last posting:
| Changes signified by "|" in 1st column;
| Additions by "+" in the 1st column;
| Deletions by "-" in the 1st column (the line will be
| deleted in the next posting)
|
+ Ports: Added 'perl' and Mosiac
| Ports: wuarchive-ftpd now up to 2.3
+ WOW: Added: 'sh' line lengths
+ Added: G.10: The future of A/UX
|++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
============================
**** TABLE OF CONTENTS: ****
----------------------------
o List of Contributors to A/UX FAQ List
o List of anon-ftp archives for A/UX
o List of security-related issues
o List of known bugs and patches under A/UX 3.x.x
o List of ported software
o Partial list of compatible shareware|freeware
o Hints and Words Of Wisdom
o Q&A-
GENERAL QUESTIONS:
G.01) What's A/UX? Is it any good?
G.02) What's the minimum system I need (CPU, disk and RAM) to run A/UX?
G.03) What's new about A/UX 3.x.x?
G.04) What's the diff between 3.0.2 and 3.0.2(wgs)?
G.05) How can I order A/UX?
G.06) What's the upgrade path for A/UX 3.0.2?
G.07) What are Right-To-Copy and Right-To-Upgrade licenses?
G.08) How can I report bugs that I find?
G.09) What's the word on A/UX 3.1?
+ G.10) What's the future of A/UX with the PowerMacs?
ADMINISTRATION ISSUES:
A.01) How come my Login screen is gray, not color?
A.02) How come my Login ScreenSaver doesn't see both my monitors?
A.03) Even though I have lot's of swap space and only a little bit is
being used, I STILL get a lot of messages saying that my swap
space is running low. What's the buzz?
A.04) How can I copy a complete file system from one disk|partition to
another?
A.05) What's with UUCP?
A.06) How can I log anonymous ftp entries? in.ftpd has a -l option,
but it doesn't work.
A.07) How come when I do a 'df' as a regular user, it shows me a different
number of free blocks compared to when I run it as 'root'?
A.08) Does A/UX LocalTalk support IP?
A.09) How do I get MPW 3.1 to work? It hangs my system...
A.10) Can I refer to a file on my Mac system from within A/UX?
A.11) How can I adjust the amount of virtual memory Finder uses?
A.12) Is there an archive of comp.unix.aux out there somewhere?
A.13) How come I can't use color under X?
A.14) Using the command shell interface, I'm trying to access some Mac
files (that have strange names) but I can't; the program returns an
error message I can't access the file. What's going on?
A.15) I heard the the Installer for 3.x.x works on "any" 3rd party
hard disk. Well, it doesn't on mine!
A.16) Since RetroSpect will no longer be bundled with A/UX 3.0.2,
how can I get it?
A.17) How can I configure CAP under A/UX?
A.18) What are some good books about A/UX?
A.19) When booting up, I get a "panic ialloc, dup alloc" (or other)
error message and A/UX won't boot. What can I do?
MAC-EMULATION QUESTIONS:
M.01) What Mac applications are compatible with A/UX?
M.02) What screen-savers are compatible with A/UX?
M.03) My MacOS partition mounts fine under MacOS but it doesn't show
up under A/UX... Why?
M.04) I have MacsBug installed. How can I trigger it?
M.05) Sometimes my MultiFinder environment (and/or CommandShell) freezes
up; how can I unfreeze it? Should I hit the Interrupt switch?
M.06) My site is not upgraded to EtherTalk Phase 2 yet... can I use
Phase 1 under A/UX?
M.07) I'm having trouble transfering files between A/UX and my MacOS disk.
Also, sometimes things get transfered fine, othertimes not. What's
going on?
M.08) Do I install CDEVs and Extensions in the System Folder on
MacPartition or on the "/" A/UX disk.
M.09) I heard that A/UX requires a special version of System 7 to boot...
Is this true?
M.10) After the Mac environment crashes (or when I use MacsBug), the
Desktop gets all screwed up... Argg!!
M.11) My MacOS partition(s) only show up on the Desktop when I login
as root. Why?
M.12) For some reason, my CommandShell only responds to a keyboard
event after it receives a second event. For example, typing "a"
won't show until I type something else or click the mouse.
What gives?
M.13) Can A/UX 3.x.x run System 7.1?
M.14) What version of AppleTalk does A/UX run?
M.15) I've just installed MacTCP 2.0.2|4 on A/UX and nothing works!
What's going on?
DEVICES AND PERIPHERALS:
D.01) Can I use my Teac|DAT|etc tape drive under A/UX?
D.02) I have an EtherNet card that works fine under the Macintosh OS
but not under A/UX. Why?
D.03) Can I use my scanner under A/UX?
D.04) I'm trying to use a SyQuest drive under A/UX but it refuses to
work. I keep on getting a "more data than device expected" error
message. What's wrong?
D.05) What 3-button mice work under A/UX (and X)?
D.06) Is it worth getting a cache card for the IIci?
D.07) How can I figure out the /etc/disktab entry for my hard disk?
D.08) Which serial cards work under A/UX?
D.09) I'm using a LaserWriter IIg with A/UX 3.x.x and whenever I print
something to it through 'lpr', the first line of the page is cut
off. Why?
D.10) I'm trying to access my tape drive using 'tc' (with something like
"find . -print | cpio -o > /dev/rmt/tc1") but it doesn't work...
D.11) What CD-ROM drives are compatible with A/UX 3.x.x?
D.12) I've tried to install the CD Remote extension to A/UX so that
I can play audio CD's, but it doesn't work...
D.13) What UNIX CD-ROM formats does A/UX support?
D.14) How can I add printers other than those available in Chooser?
D.15) What 3rd party accelerators are compatible with A/UX?
D.16) Will the old serial HP DeskWriter work under A/UX?
D.17) How can I use a HP DeskWriter under A/UX?
D.18) Does A/UX support 24-bit color?
D.19) What's the specifics on the AWS95 PDS Card?
D.20) What are the specifics of SCSI under A/UX?
D.21) I can't get my LaserJet 4M to work reliably. Help!
D.22) Does the Apple Adjustable Keyboard work under A/UX?
PORTING AND PROGRAMMING
P.01) How come rn|elm|less|etc... act weird concerning signals?
P.02) Is X11R5 available for A/UX?
P.03) I've noticed that FSF GNU doesn't support A/UX. Does that mean
I'll miss out on all the neat Gnu-stuff like gcc?
P.04) I've ported Elm (or other mail reader) and it doesn't seem to
work... Why?
P.05) What languages are available for A/UX?
P.06) Is OSF/Motif available for A/UX?
P.07) While trying to port some software, the Makefile looks
for a program called 'ranlib' and dies when it can't
find it. What is it and where can I get it.
COMMUNICATION:
C.01) I'm unable to start a getty process on a built-in serial port. When
I use 'setport' to enable the port, I get a "no such device" error.
Configuring /etc/inittab to respawn getty on the port has no effect.
C.02) I am using and depending on /etc/hosts to do all my hostname
resolving (i.e. not using named or /etc/resolv.conf). How come I
can't mail to other hosts, but I can ping|ftp|etc... them?
C.03) When I try to mail something, I get the following error message:
"Cannot read frozen config file: not a typewriter". What's wrong?
C.04) How do I set up my Mac and A/UX to enable remote logins via a modem
on tty0?
C.05) How come I can't use 'talk' with some of the other Unix boxes out
there, and they can't talk to me?
C.06) How can I convince A/UX to forward IP packets?
C.07) Is PPP available for A/UX?
C.08) How can I change the MTU value for CSlip?
ERRORS EXPLAINED:
E.01) How do I keep command lines that I edit with "backspace" from
erasing the prompt?
E.02) Whenever I try to run xinit (or startx) from the CommandShell I get
a fatal server error. Why?
E.03) I keep on getting the following error message on the Console:
"fcntl: local lock manager not registered". What's going on?
E.04) When I try to startup 'xterm', I get the following error
message: "xterm: no available ptys"... What gives?
E.05) 'ps' and 'pstat' only seem to work for root. If anyone else tries
these commands, they get a "no mem" error message. What's wrong?
===============================================
**** List of Contributors to A/UX FAQ List ****
-----------------------------------------------
The editor would like to thank all the various people who have contributed
to the A/UX FAQ List (both those that submitted questions as well as those
who submitted answers). Also included under the Q&A section are the relevant
people to contact if you have specific questions about specific A/UX items.
If I've left you out, PLEASE E-mail me!
Brian Bechtel (blob@apple.com)
Greg Berryman (gpb@gpb-mac.sps.mot.com)
Nick Beser (beser@aplcomm.jhuapl.edu)
Manuel Bouyssou (manuel@apple.com)
John Coolidge (coolidge@apple.com)
Bob Denny (denny@alisa.com)
Eric Dittman (dittman@skitzo.dseg.ti.com)
John Dundas III (dundas@salt.jpl.nasa.gov)
Thomas Eberhardt
Rick Ewing (ewing@ctrvax.vanderbilt.edu)
Ron Flax (ron@afsg.apple.com)
Marcelo Gallardo (marcelo@deadzone.princeton.edu)
Ben Goren (ben@tux.fa.asu.edu)
James Gritton (gritton@byu.edu)
Jim Jagielski (jim@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov)
Chris Johnson (cjohnson@brl.mil)
Bill Johnston (johnston@me.udel.edu)
Ron Johnston (johnston@apple.com)
Bob Kirby (kirby@esl.com)
Nicolas Lenz (nlenz@sdcc13.UCSD.EDU)
Darrell Pfeifer (pfeifer@camins.camosun.bc.ca)
Phillip Porch (root@theporch.raider.net)
Wes Price (ww2@bullwinkle.ssc.gov)
Alexis Rosen (alexis@panix.com)
Craig Ruff (cruff@ncar.ucar.edu)
Jim Ryan (jryan@adobe.com)
Paul Sander (paul@sander.uucp)
Kent Sandvik (ksand@apple.com)
Craig Struble (cstruble@gnu.ai.mit.edu)
Richard Todd (rmtodd@servalan.servalan.com)
Chuq Von Rospach (chuq@apple.com)
Jon W{tte (d88-jwa@nada.kth.se)
Earl Wallace (earlw@macaux.aux.apple.com)
Bill Woodcock (woody@zocalo.com)
=================================================
**** List of anonymous ftp archives for A/UX ****
-------------------------------------------------
The following sites have A/UX related archives and materials available via
anonymous ftp (see below for more information):
afsg.apple.com (130.43.50.2)
ports and hacks for A/UX
aux.support.apple.com (130.43.6.2)
the "official" A/UX-support server
archive of comp.unix.aux
A/UX patches and some ports;
dunkin.Princeton.EDU (128.112.64.39)
mirror of jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov
ftp.fenk.wau.nl (137.224.129.4)
mirror of jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov (128.183.44.1)
FAQ List;
bunch of ports, utilities, new mini-inews (1.6);
Apple fixes (in ~ftp/pub/aux/apple.fixes)
nada.kth.se (130.237.222.71)
mirror of A/UX items from:
afsg.apple.com
aux.support.apple.com
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov
wuarchive.wustl.edu
rascal.ics.utexas.edu (128.83.138.20)
misc. ports;
Mac applications, CDEVs, etc...;
redstar.dcs.qmw.ac.uk (192.135.231.4)
IIci benchmarking results;
wuarchive.wustl.edu (128.252.135.4)
ports, GNU stuff; (look in systems/aux)
=======================================
*** List of security-related issues ***
---------------------------------------
No system is 100% secure. To this end, it makes sense to make each one as
secure as possible, including A/UX.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Permissive Permissions
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
o The default distribution of A/UX has some files with somewhat permissive
permissions. These should be changed to avoid problems. These files and
the recommended modes, owners and groups are as follows:
-rwxr-sr-x 1 bin sys /bin/ps
-rwxr-sr-x 1 bin sys /bin/pstat
-rwxr-xr-x 1 bin bin /etc/ncheck
-rwxr-sr-x 1 bin sys /usr/bin/lav
-rwxr-xr-x 1 bin bin /usr/bin/X11/xterm
-rwxr-sr-x 1 bin sys /usr/etc/ncstats
-rwxr-sr-x 1 bin sys /usr/etc/nfsstat
-rwxr-xr-x 1 bin bin /usr/etc/rpcinfo
-rwxr-x--- 1 adm adm /usr/lib/acct/diskusg
(The removal of SUID-to-root from 'diskusg' means that the cron 'adm'
accounting package [all the /usr/lib/acct/* stuff] will need to be run by
'root' instead)
To make changing the user, group and permissions of these files a little
easier, Jim Jagielski has hacked together an ugly little 'ksh' script
that does it for you. The info required is self contained in the script
itself and it's easy to add more entries as required. Look for the script
on jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov under "/pub/aux/better.perms" and in
"/pub/aux/security/better.perms".
o Also, to close things a little tighter, remove all permissions for
"others" ('chmod o-rwx') for all files in:
/usr/lib/acct
/usr/lib/cron
o Only trusted users should be allowed to use 'lpr'. Remove execute
priviledges for OTHERS and then change '/etc/groups' to make _only_
trusted users as members of group 'daemon'. If you want, you can dump
'lpr/lpd' and use 'lp/lpsched'.
o You may want to consider if you really want the 'lp'|'lpr' admini-
stration programs (such as 'lpadmin', 'lpmove' etc...) executable by
all. If not, then remove that mode from them ('chmod o-rwx').
o Under 3.x.x, make sure that all files in /dev/scsi are mode 600 with
owner 'root' and group 'sys'... Get the new 'devscsi' file (available on
jagubox) to replace what's in /etc/install.d/init.d.
o A/UX also has the 'expreserve' problem. This program (actually called
'ex3.9preserve' under A/UX) is used by 'vi'|'ex' to "save" canceled
or killed edit sessions. 'expreserve' saves a copy of the buffer in
the "/usr/preserve" directory. The program is SUID to root since the
directory is owned by root, but any other user would do just fine. There's
also no real need for it to be SUID either. To preserve the use of
'expreserve' you'll need to create a new user whose sole existance is to
own "/usr/preserve" and 'ex3.9preserve'.
: Create a new user on the system. Make it totally unused. eg:
/etc/passwd:
preserve:* void *:33:33:secure preserve:/usr/preserve:/bin/noshell
/etc/group
preserve:* void *:33:preserve
: Now change the owner and group of /usr/lib/ex3.9preserve and
/usr/preserve to the above user. Change the mode of 'ex3.9preserve' to
2111 and 'preserve' to 775:
---x--s--x 1 preserve preserve /usr/lib/ex3.9preserve
drwxrwxr-x 2 preserve preserve 512 Mar 4 15:46 /usr/preserve
...and you're done. Now vi/expreserve can write in /usr/preserve but no
root security hole exists! If this is too much work, then you can just
remove the SUID bit for 'expreserve'; this will close the hole, but killed
editting sessions won't be saved (except for root).
(***NOTE*** Replacing 'sh' with the "fixed" version described below
fixes this hole. Still, having 'expreserve' SUID to root goes against
the ideal of running programs with the least priviledges possible.)
o The '/lib/librmt.a' library has write permissions for all users. You
should remove it:
-rw-r--r-- 1 root bin 14734 Mar 23 1993 /lib/librmt.a
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Other "Gotcha's"
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
o A number of holes are due to some "wrong" things that '/bin/sh' does
concerning IFS. To fix this, Apple has released a "corrected" version
of 'sh' that resets IFS to it's default value before executing a script.
This fixes some holes that exist in SUID programs that call 'system()'
or 'popen()' to execute some commands. This replacement version of
'sh' is available both on aux.support.apple.com and jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov.
To install it, follow these directions (assuming you are located in the
directory where the new 'sh' is located):
$ cp /bin/sh /bin/Osh
$ cp sh /bin/sh
o By all means, remove the Guest account. Check to make sure that there
are _no_ users with null-passwords in /etc/passwd.
o The default distribution of A/UX has 'in.fingerd' SUID to root. No
need for that. Much better to have it run as 'nobody'. You can do
this by either changing the owner of 'in.fingerd' to 'nobody' and
keeping it's SUID bit or you can remove the SUID capability and
tell 'inetd' to run it as 'nobody'. To do the later, you'll need to
use the new, unofficial replacement of 'inetd' for A/UX (see below:
"Performance Patches", "Ported s/w" and Q&A A.06). Jim Jagielski has
also ported a version of 'in.fingerd' that logs fingers. It's available
via anon-ftp on jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov. Of course, the most secure option
is simply to disable 'in.fingerd' totally in '/etc/servers'.
o Root should never use the common System Folder... Due to it's very
nature it's writable by everyone. Give root a personal System Folder
and sleep easier :)
o A/UX doesn't support the 'sticky-bit' feature for directories. So
why not create a directory in your $HOME called '.tmp' with mode 700.
Now in /etc/profile add:
if [ -d "$HOME/.tmp" ]; then
EXINIT="set directory=$HOME/.tmp"
export EXINIT
TMPDIR="$HOME/.tmp"
EXPORT TMPDIR
fi
(To accomodate 'csh' users, you'll will need to edit /etc/cshrc to perform
the same function) Now most UNIX programs (like 'vi', 'elm', 'cc', 'gcc',
etc...) will use $HOME/tmp as a safer location for temp-files.
=========================================================
**** List of known bugs and patches under A/UX 3.x.x ****
---------------------------------------------------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
AWS Tune-Up 1.0
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
By far, this is the most important patch you could apply to A/UX 3.0.1.
It updates it to 3.0.2 and fixes lots of bugs as well as provides better
performance. The patch is in the form of 2 DiskCopy Image files which
can be found on jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov and on aux.support.apple.com. You
download the files and then use DiskCopy to make the Installer disks.
This is a _free_ upgrade to 3.0.1 and requires 3.0.1.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Performance related patches: 3.0.x
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
inetd:
*** Unofficial replacement is available ***
*** on jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov in pub/aux ***
*** This replacement is based on the BSD-reno inetd ***
*** and allows such nice features as rereading /etc/servers ***
*** on receiving SIGHUP, specifying options for ***
*** called daemons and logging when daemons ***
*** are spawned and which host requested the daemon ***
{{{{{ }}}}}
{{{{{ Jim Jagielski (jim@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov) }}}}}
{{{{{ John Coolidge (coolidge@apple.com) }}}}}
tc (tape driver device driver):
Reports incorrect file number when 'mt' is used to skip
files (fsf and/or bsf).
Doesn't allow for additional storage capability of extended
length tapes or hardware compression tape drives.
Doesn't work with Exabyte 8200s
*** ***
*** An unofficial replacement version of 'tc' has ***
*** has been written that fixes these bugs as well as ***
*** providing additional capability and support ***
*** for other drives ***
*** ***
*** 3.x.x replacement is available ***
*** on jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov in pub/aux/NEWtc332.tar.gz ***
{{{{{ }}}}}
{{{{{ Jim Jagielski (jim@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov) }}}}}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Bug-related patches: 3.x.x
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
syslogd:
Doesn't handle some facility (like 'news') logging correctly.
*** Unofficial replacement is available ***
*** on jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov as pub/aux/syslogd.tar.gz ***
*** (contains new /etc/syslogd as well as syslog.h) ***
{{{{{ }}}}}
{{{{{ Jim Jagielski (jim@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov) }}}}}
in.telnetd:
Leaves ports open and hanging occasionally. Can cause kernel crashes.
*** Unofficial replacement is available ***
*** on jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov ***
*** in pub/aux/apple.fixes/unsupported/3.0.x ***
{{{{{ }}}}}
{{{{{ John Coolidge (coolidge@apple.com) }}}}}
#### Please note that it appears that this new version has ####
#### some slight bugs in correctly handling Synchs and ####
#### options negotiation. I have only seen this using ####
#### VersaTerm Pro 3.6.2 and connecting to myself via telnet ####
/etc/startup.d/ao,as,ae6:
Ignores the Broadcast Address value in /etc/NETADDRS.
*** If your broadcast address needs to be different ***
*** then the default, you'll need to modify these scripts ***
*** to add 'broadcast "$broadcast"' to the 'ifconfig' ***
*** lines that _don't_ refer to Loopback. Pretty easy ***
*** but Email me if you have questions ***
/usr/include/dir.h:
If entered through dirent.h and _SYSV_SOURCE is defined,
rewinddir() is incorrectly "defined". It assumes that you are
linking -lposix and will use the "real" rewinddir() function
found there, when, in fact, you should #define rewinddir
as done with _BSD_SOURCE.
*** A hacked version of dir.h is available on ***
*** jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov. It only assumes -lposix will ***
*** be included (and the real rewinddir() called) if ***
*** _only_ _POSIX_SOURCE is defined ***
/usr/include/sys/types.h:
Incorrectly defines size_t as signed int when every other header
file defines it as unsigned int.
*** Fix is very simple... edit /usr/include/sys/types.h ***
*** and change it from signed to unsigned ***
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Bug-related patches: 3.0.2
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
elap:
A/UX-mac occasionally disappears under Chooser
*** Official 3.0.2 patch is now available ***
*** on aux.support.apple.com in aws95/elap ***
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Performance related patches: 3.0
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
MacOS System Heap Expansion:
Not as robust as the _real_ System 7.0.1 capability, thus pre-
venting you from loading lots of memory hungry Extensions and
CDEVs.
*** Unofficial replacement is available ***
*** on jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov ***
*** in pub/aux/apple.fixes/unsupported/3.0 ***
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Bug-related patches: 3.0
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
as, ao, etheraddr:
H/W ethernet address is burned in bitwise reverse on Q9?0
and Ethernet NB card. Thus, ao, as and etheraddr reports the
incorrect address.
*** 3.0 patch is now available ***
*** on aux.support.apple.com in supported/3.0 ***
BNU/HDB UUCP (the whole thing):
Severe problems as distributed, such as inability to dialout
with correctly configured modem, etc...
*** 3.0 patch is now available ***
*** on aux.support.apple.com in supported/3.0 ***
*** This "patch" is a newer version of HDB (to 1.16) ***
*** and adds some Mega-enhancements as well. ***
*** Thanks to Earl Wallace!!! ***
#### If you snagged version 1.14 from aux.support.apple.com ####
#### then be _sure_ to update to version 1.16. ####
#### ####
#### Installing BNU 1.6 causes syslogd to break under ####
#### new compiles. This is due to the fact that dial.o ####
#### is replaced in libc.a|libc_s.a when BNU is installed ####
#### To fix, just get the replacement dial.o ####
#### on ftp.apple.com in pub/earlw/dial ####
csh:
Doesn't seem to like filename completion.
pstat:
Depending on the options used, can gobble memory and not release
it.
*** Unofficial replacement is available ***
*** on jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov ***
*** in pub/aux/apple.fixes/unsupported/3.0 ***
rpc.rstatd:
Doesn't report correct load averages
*** Unofficial replacement is available ***
*** on jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov ***
*** in pub/aux/apple.fixes/unsupported/3.0 ***
serial drivers:
After some use on all Macs (except IIfx and maybe the Quadras)
the kernel will crash.
*** This has been confirmed by Apple but no fix exists yet!! ***
syslogd:
If BNU 1.6 is installed, syslogd won't work on newly compiled
programs due to some munging of libc.a|libc_s.a when BNU 1.6
is installed. See BNU/HDB UUCP above.
=========================================================
**** List of ported software available via anon-ftp: ****
---------------------------------------------------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Already ported and available:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
(Included is the person responsible for the port and the location of the port)
Austin KCL (619):
Thomas Weigert (weigert@mcs.anl.gov)
wuarchive.wustl.edu [???]
bash (1.12):
John Coolidge (coolidge@apple.com)
wuarchive.wustl.edu [systems/aux/gnu]
bpf (Berkeley Packet Filter):
Ron Flax (ron@afsg.apple.com)
afsg.apple.com [pub]
emacs 19.21:
Brent Burton (brentb@tamsun.tamu.edu)
isc.tamu.edu [pub/personal/brentb]
(The diffs that Brent used, done by Paul Traina, are available
via anon-ftp on jagubox in the emacs diffs "collection" tarchive)
fortune:
Phillip P. Porch (root@theporch.raider.net)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
gated (2.0.1.14):
Herb Weiner (herbw@wiskit.rain.com)
onion.rain.com [pub/wiskit]
gcc (1.40 and 2.5.7):
John Coolidge (coolidge@apple.com)
wuarchive.wustl.edu [systems/aux/gnu]
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
(See Q&A #P.03)
gdb (4.9):
John Coolidge (coolidge@apple.com)
wuarchive.wustl.edu [systems/aux/gnu]
GNUtar (1.11.2):
Dennis Govoni (dennis.govoni@East.Sun.COM)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
GNUzip (1.2.4):
Jim Jagielski (jim@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
inetd (BSD/Reno)
Jim Jagielski (jim@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov)
John Coolidge (coolidge@apple.com)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
lemacs (19.6):
Thomas Eberhardt
labrea.Stanford.EDU [pub/gnu/lucid]
libg++ (2.4):
John Coolidge (coolidge@apple.com)
wuarchive.wustl.edu [systems/aux/gnu]
logging in.ftpd:
Jim Jagielski (jim@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
(See Q&A #A.06)
md5:
Jim Jagielski (jim@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
+ Mosiac:
+ Eric Rosen (eric@cse.ucsc.edu)
+ jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
msgs:
Phillip P. Porch (root@theporch.raider.net)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
mt2 (replacement for 'mt' tape positioner program... not really
needed since NEWtc is available that fixes the need for mt2):
Jim Jagielski (jim@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
mtools (MS DOS floppy access tools):
Parag Patel (parag@netcom.com)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
patch:
Jim Jagielski (jim@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
+ perl (4.036):
+ jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
pine 3.87:
Phillip P. Porch (root@theporch.raider.net)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
popper:
Ben Goren (ben@tux.fa.asu.edu)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
sendmail 5.65:
Jim Jagielski (jim@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
(See Q&A #C.02)
sendmail.cf:
Alexis Rosen (alexis@panix.com)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux/uucp-sendmail-cf]
(See Q&A #A.06)
smail 3.1.28:
Bob Denny (denny@alisa.com)
Jim Jagielski (jim@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
talk and talkd (BSD 4.3 versions)
Steve Green (xrsbg@dirac.gsfc.nasa.gov)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
(See Q&A #C.05)
tcsh (6.03):
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
texinfo (3.1):
Phillip P. Porch (root@theporch.raider.net)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
vtwm (5.1):
Dennis Govoni (dennis.govoni@East.Sun.COM)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
| WUARCHIVE ftpd (2.3):
Jim Jagielski (jim@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
(See Q&A #A.06)
X11R5:
John Coolidge (coolidge@apple.com)
Thomas Eberhardt
wuarchive.wustl.edu [systems/aux/X11R5]
ftp.uni-stuttgart.de [soft/mac/aux/x11r5/forAUX3.0]
(See Q&A #P.02)
xntpd (3.3j):
Jim Jagielski (jim@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov)
John Dundas III (dundas@salt.jpl.nasa.gov)
jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov [pub/aux]
~~~~~~~~~~~
Easy to do:
~~~~~~~~~~~
The following have also been successfully ported to A/UX with minimal trouble.
Since the ports are pretty straightforward, only a few are actually available
in their ported form (please see Q&A #P.01): (those that have been personnally
verified by the editor are marked with '#')
o Cnews (Ver. ??)
o Deliver (v2.1 pl. 9 or later)
# Elm 2.4.23 ( use -lbsd and edit config.sh and "undef" d_locale)
o Ghostscript 2.3
# GNU Stuff (all are pretty much straight-forward and compile
"right out of the box"):
binutils 1.9
bison 1.21
# diffutils 2.3
emacs 19.[19-22] (diffs on jagubox in the emacs diffs "collection"
tarchive)
# fileutils 3.6
# find 3.8 (to allow 'find' to recognize user=nobody, compile
with 'cc')
flex 2.3.7
gawk 2.1.5 (use '-traditional' with gcc)
# gdbm 1.5
# grep 1.6
# make 3.68
# sed 1.1.6
# sed 2.0.3
shellutils 1.8
Smalltalk 1.1.1
# tar 1.11.2 (requires '-lbsd -lposix')
# textutils 1.6
# gzip 1.2.4
# gopher/gopherd 2.011
o Gwm 1.7h
# httpd 1.1 (from ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu)
o INN 1.4 (get 'config.dat' from ftp.i-link.com)
# less 177
# listproc 6.0c (was: listserv) (compile w/ -DDONT_GO_INTERACTIVE)
# NetHack
# nn 6.4.18 (A/UX configuration file available on jagubox)
# nntp 1.5.11
# perl 4.035 (use '-lm -lPW -ldbm -lbsd', get "fixed" dir.h to
avoid needing -lposix for rewinddir(), use gcc if
possible, make sure d_voidsig is correct ("define" if
using ANSI, "undef" if not), and undef d_ndbm while
defining d_dbm in config.sh).
# perl 4.036 (Don't answer "aux" but instead let the configure script
work it's magic -- hints for 4.035 also apply)
# rn 4.3.54
# rn 4.4.1
o SB Prolog 3.1 (minor changes in the builtin directory)
# smail 3.1.28 (get the AUXsmail.tar.gz file on jagubox for
A/UX diffs and patches)
# tcsh (compiles out of the box)
# trn 3.0
# xntpd (see above)
========================================================
**** Partial list of compatible shareware|freeware ****
--------------------------------------------------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Popular shareware|freeware:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
++++ This is by No Means a complete list!!! ++++
o BBEdit Lite (2.31) - _really_ nice and good replacement for TextEditor
(see Hints and Words Of Wisdom)
o CFloppy (1.0)
o Disinfectant INIT (3.5)
o DiskDup+ (2.22) - works better than DiskCopy and MountImage
o Extension Manager (1.8 and later)
o Facade (1.x)
o FMbackup 1.0.4 (prevents having to totally rebuild Desktop when A/UX
crashes... See Q&A #M.10)
o GateKeeper (1.3) - For some reason, "Show Log" doesn't work although
log entries _are_ made. Chris Johnson knows about this and is
looking into it.
o Gregs Buttons (3.1.5)
o MacsBug (6.2.x)
o Maelstrom (1.40) - crashes sometimes, but heck it does that under MacOS
as well :)
o MenuChoice (1.9)
o NewLook (2.0)
o Solarian II (1.04)
o Windows (2.1)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Popular commercial:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The following is a _very_ short list of some known compatible 3rd party
applications, CDEVs, Extensions, etc... This is by no means a complete list
since the vast majority of MacOS programs work just fine under A/UX (see
Q&A #M.01). But the following ones are kinda popular and they get asked about
alot:
o Access PC (2.0)
o After Dark (2.0u and later) - some displays don't have enough
memory to work so the default (low memory) one comes up
o ATM 2.0.3
o ATM 3.0
o DOS Mounter (3.00) - but _boy_ does it slow down floppy disk access!
o Illustrator 3.2
o Now Utilities 3.0.2 and 4.0.1
(New Menus requires that the Control Panel alias point to a Control
Panel which is on a HFS partition... this means you need to copy the
A/UX CP over to a HFS partition (such as MacPartition) and then make
and alias and copy that over to the Apple Menu Items folder under
A/UX.
Super Boomerang doesn't seem to like 3.0)
o PC Exchange (1.0.3)
o Photoshop 2.0.1 <mostly> (Gamma, which is included, does _not_ work)
o Premiere 1.0
o StrataVision 3D 2.6.1 (requires the patch located via anon-ftp
on jagubox in pub/aux)
o Streamline 2.0 <mostly... not 32-bit clean>
o Timbuktu Pro (all other versions including v5 have problems)
o Type Reunion 1.3
o VersaTerm Telnet (etc...) Tool
====================================
**** Hints and Words Of Wisdom: ****
------------------------------------
o Depending on your setup, A/UX allocates either 10% or 50% of memory for disk
buffers (that is, the value of 'NBUF' is either 0 or -1... see kconfig(1M))
[The kernel for the AWS95 has, by default, a NBUF value of -1 whereas
"everyone else" has NBUF = 0]. If you have a lot of RAM and A/UX is only
allocating 10%, you can greatly increase system performance by increasing
the allotment. However, you cannot use kconfig to specify "20%" but you must
give it an actual number to use. The way to determine the number of buffers
being used, run "pstat -m". This will give you the number of buffers that
are currently allocated. For example, if the value is 1000, then you know
that to increase the number of buffers to 20%, you must use 'kconfig' to set
'NBUF' to 2000. Under 3.0.2 (and later), you can use the Memory cdev (as
root) to do this as well. In fact, this is the recommended way.
Please note that if you change the amount of RAM you have, you'll need to
change the value of 'NBUF.' I suggest that before you add|remove RAM, you
use 'kconfig' to reset 'NBUF' to 0, then do the RAM change and see how your
system performance is. If needed, you can then use the above to increase
(or decrease) the number of disk buffers.
o You can run A/UX on the original MacII, however the PMMU chip must be
installed. You can also use one of the many 68030 upgrades for the MacII,
such as the Marathon '030, but the MacII ROMs won't recognize the PMMU
capabilities onboard the CPU. You'll need to get the MacII FDHD ROM Upgrade
Kit. This kit replaces your ROMs with IIx ROMs, thus enabling you (and
A/UX) to use the upgrade. The kit also replaces your SWIM chip (floppy
controller) enabling you to use FDHD disks (if such a drive is installed)
too... thus the name of the kit. This kit can be had for about $120 although
some dealers also include a FDHD drive as well, bumping the price up to
about $430.
o You can configure the built-in serial ports for hardware handshaking
(RTS & DTS) _or_ dialup security (DTR & CD) but not both, due to the
lack of a sufficient number of modem control lines.
o When using ftp, unless you are _sure_ that a file is, in fact, a true
Text file, set the ftp mode to Binary. This is especially true when
downloading GIFs and "true" Mac files. If it's a BINHEXed file or a
uuencoded file, then you can specify Ascii mode (in some cases, it's
required). If the file you wish to download has the ".tar" or ".Z" suffix,
then you _need_ Binary; if the suffix is ".uu" or ".hqx" then use Ascii.
If you are using a MacOS-ftp utility, then using MacBinary may confuse A/UX
(well, the Unix side of it). If the file is a tar file (for example),
compressed or not, MacBinary attaches some MacOS "information" to the file
that tar can't handle. Use 'fcnvt' to change the file to Apple Double to
"strip" this extra by separating the forks:
$ fcnvt -v -d <input.file> <output.file>
To avoid having A/UX attempt the CR->NL change when copying the file over to
A/UX, change the Creator to "A/UX" and Type to "BIN " before drag-copying
the file.
So, the flow should be as follows:
o Set the file's Creator and Type to something safe ("A/UX"
and "BIN ") to avoid CR->NL translation.
o Drag copy over to A/UX.
o Use 'fcnvt' to convert file to Apple Double format.
o Use UNIX utilties as normal.
o To download GIF files via anon-ftp, be sure to specify Binary mode. Then
use 'setfile' to create the correct Type and Creator fields (for, example,
for Giffer use 'setfile -t"GIFf" -c"Bozo"'). You can then keep this file
on your A/UX disk or transfer it over to your MacOS disk (See Q&A #M.07).
o If you want to rebuild the "/" desktop, be _sure_ to avoid circular
symbolic links (links to "." and/or "..") or else you'll be waiting a
looooong time. In a similar way, make sure that you don't have NFS volumes
mounted because they will add a LOT to the time required to rebuild the
Desktop...
o With the newest version of HDB UUCP (1.16 - see above), use the "-u"
option on 'getty' to keep /dev/tty?? settings sane. Also use the "-t" option
with a value like 60 or so to make getty hang up a hung login attempt.
o If your A/UX setup is a true multi-user system, or, at the least, has
Guest as an active account, it is a Very Good Idea to give each user their
own personal System Folder (use 'systemfolder'). This is _very_ true for
root! As root, you should also avoid using the global System Folder
(mac/sys/System Folder) as an alternate Sys. Folder... there's very little
need to do so anyway.
Oh yeah... you can't just copy /mac/sys/System Folder to something like
$HOME/System Folder... you must use 'systemfolder' and add/change/delete
things as required.
o It's very easy to replace TextEditor as your Finder-double-click text
editor. All you need to do is copy the application to /mac/bin (make sure
that it's permissions are 755 bin|bin), edit /etc/profile and /etc/cshrc
to change FINDER_EDITOR to point to the application. Now, A/UX text files
will show up as that application's filetype. An _excellent_ replacement is
BBEdit Lite (v 2.31). It is really recommended!
o A/UX's 'login' supports additional dialup security. This is enabled by
creating|editing two files: /etc/dialups and /etc/d_passwd. The format of
/etc/dialups is a list of ports that you want to have dialup passwds. eg:
/dev/tty0
/dev/tty10
The format of /etc/d_passwd is a list which associates a password with
a login program (which is the last field in /etc/passwd). eg:
/bin/sh:&nk7h7ak92j3H:
/bin/ksh:8hw$jK4ft92jx:
/bin/csh::
/usr/lib/uucp/uucico::
In this case, if anyone attempts to login on ports tty0 or tty10 and are
using 'ksh' or 'sh', they'll get asked for a secondary (dialup) password.
Users using 'csh' or 'uucico' will not. All other logins that use login
programs not entered in /etc/d_passwd (like, for example,
/usr/local/bin/bash) will _not_ be allowed to login on the "secure" port.
o If you want to install a program that uses a "complex" installation
procedure (like for Canvas, Word, Stuffit, etc...) then you should not
try to do a fresh install under A/UX. Instead, install under the real MacOS,
reboot A/UX and then install needed files to your A/UX System Folder.
Programs that, when installed, hack around with the System (beyond things
like Fonts) itself, most probably won't work under A/UX, since you really
can't patch System (unless you are handy with ResEdit and know exactly
what resources to add|change... even then, you are taking a chance...)
o If you get an error message to the effect that you have a bad SuperBlock
when doing a 'fsck' on a disk, try having 'fsck' use another SuperBlock.
Block #16 is always an alternate SuperBlock block, so you can try:
$ fsck -b 16 /dev/rdsk/cxxxxxxxx
o A/UX has two versions of the setpgrp() call. The first is the standard
SysV version and takes no arguments. The other is the standard BSD version
and takes 2 arguments (setpgrp(pid, gpid)). However, if, when porting
programs, you have added the 'set42sig()' call, or link with -lbsd, then
you _must_ use the 2nd form (actually, the 2nd form is required whenever
COMPAT_BSDTTY and COMPAT_BSDSIGNALS are set); the 1st form will usually
fail. A non-portable way of handling this is always calling setpgrp() as
follows:
setpgrp(0, getpid());
Now, no matter what the compatibility flags are, the function will work
('cc' and 'gcc' under A/UX presently ignores the passed arguments when the
no-argument version is called).
o It's always a Good Idea to keep "original" stuff separate from locally
added or modified stuff. '/usr/local' is a very good place for this. To
add manual pages to this location, create a '/usr/local/man' directory.
Now make a symbolic link from '/usr/catman/L_man' to '/usr/local/man'. This
does two things: (1) Allows 'man' to search down the '/usr/catman' directory
to find your local man pages while keeping the actual data under
'/usr/local'; (2) The local man-page set will be searched first (due to
the name L_man) as would be desired. If you _really_ want, you can also
make '/usr/local/catman' a link to '/usr/local/man'.
o If you've added a number of additional man pages, you may want to snag the
'man-utils' package on jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov. It includes a collection of
programs and scripts that make viewing, installing and making man pages
easier. Also includes a replacement for '/usr/bin/man'.
o Some 'configure' scripts may fail due to some line-length and symbol-length
+ limitations in /bin/sh. You can get around this by changing the script type
+ from:
+
+ #!/bin/sh
+
+ to:
+
+ #!/bin/ksh
+
+ to run them as 'ksh' scripts... In fact, I personally think it's better
+ to run _all_ 'sh' scripts as 'ksh' scripts if possible ;)
////////////////////// END OF PART 1 OF 3 \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
--
#include <std/disclaimer.h>
Jim Jagielski | "Is this something you can share with
jim@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov | the rest of us Amazing Larry!!??"
NASA/GSFC, Code 734.4 | Pee Wee
Greenbelt, MD 20771 |